This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. Matthew 26:28 (NIV)

Forgiveness is another side of propitiation. Once the just wrath of God against sin has been appeased, forgiveness may be offered.

Forgiveness is never required. It is an offer to release someone from a debt that is justly owed. It is always an act of mercy.

In this case, our debt was one we had no means of ever paying – the debt of sin. The only acceptable payment that could release us from this debt was the death of a perfectly righteous God-Man offered in obedience on the cross. Only the Lamb of God could pay that price. Thank God He did!

The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, "Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world! John 1:29 (NIV)

Jesus’ parable of the unrighteous servant (Matthew 18:23-35) teaches us that we are forgiven only because of the mercy of God. The unrighteous servant never understood and thought he could or should pay back his master over time for a debt that had already been removed. As a result, he failed to properly receive the gift offered to him or to show the same sort of mercy to others. Since he thought he must still earn his forgiveness; he demanded that others earn theirs, too, by repaying their debts to him. This kind of spiritual blindness and pride produces legalism in which we try to earn our acceptance and standing with God through our performance. Only One Person had the ability to pay the necessary price, and he has already done it.

Jesus offered himself, not because he was required to do so because of a personal debt he owed, but because he chose to extend mercy to us by paying our debt.

He purchased our forgiveness with His blood.

In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of His grace Ephesians 1:7 (NASB) 

Redemption is a theological word which simply means to buy back from slavery and set free. We will look more at the depth of meaning of this word in future meditations. For now, we will concentrate on this one aspect of redemption – the forgiveness of sins.

Once a debt has been paid, it can never be legally demanded again.

Until the debt is paid, the debtor is in bondage to the lender. Being in a state of unforgiveness is a kind of prison, a debtor’s prison. We do not have this form of debt collection anymore, but in earlier times a person could go to prison for unpaid debts. On a personal level, we can hold people in a psychological or spiritual prison of our own making through refusing to forgive. It is impossible to relate in any sort of a close way when we hold an offense against another person or that person holds an offense against us.

Forgiveness means we release the other person from owing us anything at all. We let go of our demands for personal satisfaction or vengeance, knowing that God will handle any justice that needs to be administered.

When Jesus died for us and paid the price of His blood for our redemption, God’s wrath was completely satisfied, and He released us from our impossible debt. God forgave us completely and released us from the prison of our sins. We were still guilty of committing them, but we were released from the debt incurred. This is an important point.

Forgiveness does not remove guilt: only the debt.

If someone commits a murder, the family of the murdered person may offer forgiveness to the killer, but that will not remove the murderer’s guilt or bring the dead person back to life. He still did the act and must answer for it in a court of law. The consequences of the murder remain. If the governor should pardon him, he also would be released from the state’s demand for vengeance or pay back. In that case, he would be completely forgiven and set free. Nevertheless, he would still be guilty of killing a man, and that family would still have to suffer the consequences of losing a loved one. Forgiveness does not erase the guilt for what we did; only the debt we had to pay.

There is another aspect of salvation called justification that takes care of the guilt problem. We will look at that next time. For now, why not spend some time thanking God for releasing us from the impossible debt we owed Him because of our sins? And we should also make sure we are not failing to release anyone else from a debt owed to us.

Holding an offense against another person is one sure way to sabotage our own mercy.

God forgives us as we forgive others. God requires us to extend mercy to others. (Matthew 6:12 & Mark 11:25) If we have been holding on to an offense, we must let it go, just as God did for us. It’s not just the best way: it’s the only way.

You must make allowance for each other's faults and forgive the person who offends you. Remember, the Lord forgave you, so you must forgive others. Colossians 3:13 (NLT)

Questions for Further Study and Discussion

• How does it affect us when someone refuses to forgive us?
• How does it affect us when we refuse to forgive another person?
• How does our refusal to forgive others reveal that we have never yet understood our own need for mercy?
• Would you agree that when we refuse to forgive someone, it shows that we have elevated ourselves to be their judge on a par with God?
• Are you aware of anyone that you still need to forgive?
• What do we do when we know we should forgive someone, but our heart is not in it?
• What do we do when we choose to forgive someone, but when we get around them the old feelings of bitterness resurface?
• When we forgive someone, does that require us to act as if they never did anything to us?
• When we forgive someone, does that mean we should trust them in the future?
• How specific should we be when we forgive someone? (Example: I forgive you vs I forgive you for betraying me.)
• What is the difference between forgiveness and reconciliation?